Where has industry shifted internationally? And, name each region's leading industrial country(s).
Why do transnational corporations transfer work to LDCs?
Define outsourcing:
Provide an example of an industry that outsources, and what do they outsource?

The industry has shifted internationally to new international production networks and clusters, including industrialized countries in North America, Europe, and East Asia, as well as emerging markets and the shared markets of the Asia-Pacific region. The leading industrial countries by region are the United States, China, Germany, and Japan in North America, Europe, and East Asia respectively. Transnational corporations transfer work to Less Developed Countries (LDCs) in order to take advantage of cheaper labor, lower production costs, and possibly fewer government regulations. Outsourcing is the practice of contracting with an outside vendor or service provider to provide goods and services for the corporation. One example of an industry that outsources is the information technology industry, which often outsources aspects of programming, software development, and other parts of the IT process to offshore companies. Maquiladoras are factories built and operated by foreign-owned companies in foreign countries. These factories often take advantage of favorable labor rates and costs in an effort to maximize profits. The two major fears of the integration of a North American industry are the potential for a loss of jobs in established industries and a possible loss of sovereignty or control of domestic policies should there be foreign ownership of businesses.