Science

How are pastes prepared? Pastes are typically prepared by combining powders with a liquid or semi-solid mixture to form a thick, spreadable mixture. This can involve grinding, mixing, emulsifying, homogenizing, stirring, or kneading. How do pastes differ from ointments and creams? Pastes are thicker than ointments or creams, contain more particulate matter, and remain at the surface of the skin. Ointments and creams are both more spreadable and more easily absorbed by the skin as they contain little or no particulate matter. Are pastes still prepared commercially? Why? Yes, pastes are still prepared commercially, particularly for medications intended for topical use on the skin. These pastes can allow for easier and more even application of the medication compared to ointment or cream forms. What are different components of medication ointment and ointment base that are prepared by fusion? Describe each of them. Medication ointment is composed of medication, usually in the form of a powder, which is combined with an ointment base. The ointment base is created by fusion, a process in which oils, fats, waxes, and other ingredients are heated together until they become liquid and homogeneous. Once cooled