Problem 2:
-When biodiversity maintenance generates an implicit cost by reducing opportunities to use resources, specifically poor people in rural areas.

Biodiversity can be seen as an implicit cost because maintaining it reduces the opportunities for communities, especially in rural areas, to utilize and benefit from resources. Poor people living in these areas often rely on natural resources as an important source of income. When biodiversity is damaged, their ability to benefit from their local environments is diminished and their incomes are often affected. Additionally, if biodiversity is lost, the ecosystem services it provides are gone, which can lead to further economic consequences. In these cases, the communities must find alternate sources of income, which can be difficult and costly.